Although passed by the House of Commons, the bill was rejected by the Lords. Gladstone submitted his fourth and final resignation. In a short lived administration plagued by Cabinet disputes, he resigned having achieved his lifes three ambitions… to marry an heiress, own a Derby winning horse and to be Prime Minister.
During his tenure the Boer War broke out in , ending in He retired in favour of his nephew Balfour. His cabinet split on the issue of free trade policies. The Old Age Pension Act of laid the foundation of the modern welfare state.
This was followed by the National Insurance Act of , that provided an income for working people suffering illness or unemployment. He also led Britain into the First World War. Liberal Herbert Henry Asquith — In order to gain maximum support for the ongoing war Asquith formed a coalition government.
The conflict however, was not going well and so with deadlock in the trenches, Asquith resigned. He lasted just days in office before resigning due to ill health and died just 6 months later.
Conservative Stanley Baldwin — Just a few months into office and much to the surprise of all around him, Baldwin called an early general election on the issue of protectionist trade tariffs. As head of a minority government, he was reliant on the support of the Liberals. Frustrated by his inability to introduce meaningful legislation he called an early election.
Labour Stanley Baldwin — In his second term in office, Baldwin was responsible for several notable social achievements including extending the right to vote to women aged over He successfully steered the country through the rocky waters of the General Strike of Just a few months into his term however, the world was shaken by the Wall Street Crash of and the Great Deppression that followed. Labour Ramsey MacDonald — With his Labour government divided on how to resolve an economic crisis that included the doubling of unemployment levels; MacDonald resigned but was reappointed at the head of a national coalition government with support from the Conservative and Liberal parties.
This move cost him the support of his own party and he once again resigned national coalition Stanley Baldwin — Returning to office for the third time, his major achievement in this last phase of his career was to steer the country through the abdication of King Edward VIII in Recognising the threat of Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany, Baldwin started a programme of re-arming the country. He was later criticised for not doing more to prepare.
Following the invasion of Poland, Chamberlain declared war on Germany on 3 September, Despite the country effectively bankrupt after the war, he managed the creation of the National Health Service in In just a few short years he nationalised one fifth of the entire British economy. In his National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act would open up vast swathes of the British countryside to the general public for the first time.
Later that year his deteriorating health forced him to resign, making way for his Foreign Secretary and Deputy Prime Minister, Anthony Eden. His success was to be short-lived however, as Eden is best know for his controversial handling of the Suez crisis in Following a badly executed invasion intended to seize control of the Suez Canal in Egypt, there was widespread international condemnation and following a threat of US sanctions, Eden was forced into a humiliating withdrawal.
Isolated, Eden resigned having demonstrated to the world that Britain was no longer the superpower it once was. Conservative Harold Macmillan — Following the resignation of Sir Anthony Eden, Macmillan emerged from the wreckage of the Suez crisis to lead a demoralised Conservative party and country. In terms of foreign affairs, he helped to negotiate the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and speeded up the decolonisation of the British Empire.
As Prime Minister for just days, he holds the record as serving the second shortest premiership of the 20th century. His government introduced liberalising laws in the fields of capital punishment, abortion, homosexuality and divorce. On the issue of the economy, the powerful trade-union bosses refused to be controlled, resulting in a rise in unemployment and inflation. His premiership also coincided with the heights of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. To the surprise of all concerned and just 5 days after his 60th birthday, Wilson resigned suddenly, making way for the older James Callaghan.
The defining moment of her premiership came in April , when she led the country to war against Argentina in the Falkland Islands. The successful outcome of the campaign transformed her standing in the opinion polls. Signed on Good Friday, 10 April , the Good Friday Agreement helped to end a period of conflict in the region known as the Troubles. His legacy on foreign affairs is perhaps a little more controversial, allied with the USA and President Bush, UK armed forces were involved in an invasion of Afghanistan in , and an invasion of Iraq in Under his premiership UK combat operations in Iraq came to an end and British forces withdrew from the country.
The youngest Prime Minister since Lord Liverpool in , in response to the global financial crisis the coalition government embarked on a programme of public spending restraint in order to reduce the budget deficit. Under his leadership, the UK committed to meeting the UN target of 0. During his time as Prime Minister, he would oversee three national referendums. The first in , asked whether the traditional method of electing MPs should be changed. The second in , asked whether Scotland should be an independent country.
He will be sworn in on inauguration day on January 20, The United States elects a president every four years, on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Once elected, the president can serve for no longer than two terms, each of which has a maximum length of four years. To be president, you must be a United States citizen who was either born in the country or received citizenship at birth.
You must also be at least 35 years old and have lived in the States for at least 14 years. The president gets to live and work in the White House. The prime minister only works on Parliament Hill, but they get to live in a big house at 24 Sussex Drive in Ottawa. The United States have yet to elect their very first woman as president, but here in Canada, we had our first female prime minister way back in the nineties when she took over for Brian Mulroney who was retiring from politics.
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman. Arthur James Balfour. Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury. Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery.
William Ewart Gladstone. Benjamin Disraeli, the Earl of Beaconsfield. Edward Smith Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby. Lord John Russell, 1st Earl Russell. Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston. George Hamilton Gordon Earl of Aberdeen. Sir Robert Peel 2nd Baronet. William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne.
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey. Frederick Robinson, Viscount Goderich. George Canning. Robert Banks Jenkinson Earl of Liverpool. Spencer Perceval. William Cavendish-Bentinck Duke of Portland. William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville. William Pitt 'The Younger'. Henry Addington 1st Viscount Sidmouth. William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne.
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